What Is Chain Surveying In Civil Engineering
Chain surveying is a technique used in civil engineering that involves linear measurements in the field, suitable for smaller areas with simple details and flat terrains. It follows the principle of Chain Triangulation that divides the area to be surveyed into small triangles.
What is the principle of chain surveying?
The principle of chain surveying is triangulation, wherein the area to be surveyed is divided into small, well-conditioned triangles. No angular measurements are used in chain surveying, and the sides of the triangles are measured directly from the field using a chain or tape.
What is the difference between Chain Survey and angular survey?
The main difference between Chain Survey and angular survey is that Chain Survey only involves linear measurements in the field without any angular measurements. On the contrary, angular survey involves measuring both linear and angular measurements in the field.
What is a chain in civil engineering?
In civil engineering, a chain is a measuring instrument consisting of 100 links of 4mm galvanized mild steel wire used in surveying to calculate distances, areas, angles, heights, and depths between two points and other shapes.
Can chain survey be performed in areas with steep slopes or waterlogged areas?
Chain survey is not recommended to be performed in areas with steep slopes or waterlogged areas, as it is typically carried out in dry areas with gentle slopes. Additionally, the presence of raised points or obstacles in the survey area can make the method more difficult to implement.
What are the different types of civil engineering surveys?
Civil engineering surveys include construction surveying, which assesses the arrangement of structures surrounding potential construction sites, and other types of surveying used to plan and design infrastructure and land development projects.
What is the principle of surveying?
The principle of surveying is to divide an area into small survey areas using triangles and measuring the length with a tap and angle with a compass to create a survey drawing on paper.
What are the different types of equipment used in chain surveying?
Chain surveying uses several types of equipment, including surveying chains that are made of galvanized mild steel wire links and are used to measure horizontal distances.
The stepping method of measuring slope may result in errors if the series is straightened during measurement. To prevent this, the chain should be kept straight while measuring on sloping ground.
What is the main principle of a chain survey?
The main principle of chain surveying is to divide the area to be surveyed into smaller triangles and measure their sides using a survey chain through direct field measurement.
Why is Chain Survey not conducted in wet areas?
Chain survey is not conducted in wet areas due to the potential clogging of the chain and errors in reading that may occur as a result. The survey is usually conducted in dry areas with gentle slopes.
How is traverse survey different from chain surveying?
Traverse surveying is distinct from chain surveying as it has no limitation on the arrangement of survey lines and there is no need for a connected triangle system. Additionally, check lines are not required as the traverse lines can be arranged near to the details.
When a survey line is not likely to chain around an obstacle?
Chain surveying may not be possible to be completed around certain obstacles such as a river. In such cases, offsets are used, which are lateral measurements from the survey lines to determine the position of objects.
A chain is a measuring tool used in civil engineering for surveying purposes. It consists of 100 links of 4mm galvanized mild steel wire. Its usage includes determining measurements, areas, distances, angles, shapes, and heights.
What is a chain in surveying?
A chain is a surveying instrument made up of connecting links of galvanized mild steel, with each link measuring 20 cm. It is used in surveying to measure distances and is often equipped with a tally marker or special joint to mark the distance of 5 meters.
What is the length of an engineer's chain?
The engineer's chain is a unit of length used in civil surveying engineering, consisting of 100 links with a length of 1 ft per link, resulting in a total length of 100 ft. It is also referred to as the Ramsden's chain, named after its inventor Jesse Ramsden in 1784.
What is a chain of measurement?
A chain is a unit of linear measurement used for surveying public lands, as required by law. Measurements in the rectangular system are reported in links, chains, and miles, with the exception of mineral surveys and townsite surveys that may require measurements in feet.
